进一步压缩退税平均时间，2022年对加工贸易企业内销暂免征收缓税利息……，日前召开的国务院常务会议确定了跨周期调节五方面措施，推动外贸稳定发展。

会议指出，今年我国进出口快速增长，为稳定经济增长作出重要贡献。但当前外贸面临不确定不稳定不平衡因素增多。要落实党中央、国务院部署，按照中央经济工作会议要求，进一步扩大开放，针对困难挑战推出应对举措，做好跨周期调节，助企纾困特别是扶持中小微企业，努力保订单、稳预期，促进外贸平稳发展。

会议还部署了做好《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》生效后实施工作。

退税平均时间进一步压缩至6个工作日以内

会议明确，加强对进出口的政策支持。其中，提出要加快出口退税进度，把退税平均时间压缩至6个工作日以内。

实际上，近年来，全国出口退税平均时间不断缩短，全国出口退税平均办理时间由2018年的13个工作日压缩至目前的7个工作日内。缩短出口退税平均时间的直接效应就是缓解企业资金占用的压力。

“十四五”开局之年，在国内外复杂形势和新冠疫情冲击下，我国进出口实现连续14个月正增长并创下新高。国家税务总局曾表示，不断优化的出口退税政策是促进出口的重要力量。

北京国家会计学院财税政策与应用研究所所长李旭红指出，优化的出口退税政策与提档的出口退税速度，是我国高水平开放的组成部分。

鼓励银行有针对性开展远期结售汇业务

根据会议要求，加强对进出口的政策支持，还将体现在引导银行结合外贸企业需求创新保单融资等产品；保持人民币汇率基本稳定，鼓励银行有针对性开展远期结售汇业务，提升外贸企业应对汇率风险能力；优化出口信保承保和理赔条件，加大对中小微外贸企业、出运前订单被取消风险等的保障力度；深化东部与中西部、东北地区合作共建，支持加工贸易梯度转移和承接；做好大宗商品进口等工作上。

远期结售汇是经中国人民银行批准的外汇避险金融产品，主要作用在于，使企业可提前锁定未来结汇或售汇的汇率，从而有效规避人民币汇率变动的风险。

记者在巨潮资讯网搜索上市公司公告发现，今年以来，开展远期结售汇业务的上市公司明显增多。从公告内容来看，上市公司开展此项业务的主要目的均为锁定项目利润、防范汇率波动风险。

分析认为，企业远期结售汇业务规模的扩大，体现出企业风控的意识正在增强，影响它的因素主要包括全球的贸易情况、人民币的汇率以及全球新冠疫情的恢复情况。

在做好大宗商品进口方面，中诚信国际研究院的报告指出，11月份在大宗商品价格回落背景下，出于对保持供应链稳定以及摊薄成本的考虑，目前国内对部分大宗商品的需求仍保持在较高水平。展望后期，在供应链紧张态势有所缓解以及大宗商品价格回落背景下，国内或将加大对相关产品的库存，因此短期内进口同样或将保持高位增长态势。

进一步鼓励跨境电商等外贸新业态发展

会议提出，增设跨境电子商务综合试验区。培育一批离岸贸易中心城市（地区）。按照市场化方式加大对建设使用海外仓的支持。优化跨境电商零售商品进口清单、扩大进口类别。

增设跨境电子商务综合试验区此前市场已有预期。今年10月14日，国务院总理李克强在第130届中国进出口商品交易会上提出，年底前增设一批跨境电商综合试验区，在广东等地实现全省覆盖。

“十三五”时期，我国的跨境电商综合试验区数量一直在攀升，达到105个，综试区内企业建设的海外仓达到1800个。分析认为，综试区的设立，对跨境电商企业来说，好处在于政策扶持力度更大，在交易、支付、物流、通关、退税、结汇等环节也有望获得先行先试的机会。

近日，上海自贸区临港新片区发布了离岸贸易支持政策24条，在专项奖励、税收优惠、居转户年限缩短等方面给出系列优惠，加大离岸贸易企业培育力度。从此次国常会信息来看，明年有望设立更多新的离岸贸易中心城市（地区）。

2022年对加工贸易企业内销暂免征收缓税利息

会议明确，2022年对加工贸易企业内销暂免征收缓税利息。这被视作加强对企业的配套服务的工作来提出。这是继中央经济工作会议明确2022年要实施新的减税降费政策以来，首个明确的减税降费政策。

“对加工贸易企业内销暂免征收缓税利息”是为了稳定加工贸易发展，减轻企业负担。财政部2020年4月发布通知称，自2020年4月15日起至2020年12月31日，暂免征收加工贸易企业内销税款缓税利息。

根据海关总署公布数据显示，落实年内暂免征收内销缓税利息政策，2020年1.8万家内销企业减免缓税利息6387万元。

依法依规打击违规收费、哄抬运价等行为

今年以来，海运拥堵及缺柜问题持续干扰国际贸易，集装箱运价大涨。

会议提出，缓解国际物流压力。鼓励外贸企业和航运企业签订长期协议。依法依规打击违规收费、哄抬运价等行为。支持金融机构向符合条件的小微外贸企业提供物流方面的普惠性金融支持。

12月以来，宁波港、上港集团、广州港等港口企业相继发布公告，宣布提价。港口企业调整装卸费的主要原因是因为码头生产，扩张的成本不断提升，原材料价格上涨，防疫成本升高，还因为目前海运供应链危机，各大港口的拥堵等因素。

资料显示，集装箱港口的收费包含政府定价、政府指导价、市场调节价三类费用，而港口作业包干费、堆存保管费、库场使用费，以及提供船舶服务的供水（物料）服务费等实行市场调节价。本轮各家港口企业上调的装卸费就属于市场调节价。

另一方面，市场监管总局价监竞争局副局长张正明近日表示，下一步，市场监管总局将持续完善交通领域价格监管机制，强化机场、铁路、港口价格收费监管，减轻实体企业运输物流负担，推动各项涉企优惠降费政策落到实处，保障市场主体轻装前行。

此次国常会还提出，将支持地方结合实际建立健全制度，积极开展贸易调整援助工作，助力稳定产业链和供应链。

抓住RECP协定实施契机，倒逼国内产业升级

会议指出，《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP）即将于明年1月1日正式生效。

要支持企业抓住协定实施的契机，增强参与国际市场竞争力，进一步提升贸易和投资发展水平，倒逼国内产业升级。

一是鼓励企业用好成员国降税、区域原产地累积规则等，扩大优势产品出口和有竞争力的产品进口。用好开放承诺和规则，加强区域内高端、绿色产业链和制造业项目合作，提升服务业和投资开放水平。

二是对标国际先进规则优化营商环境，积极引进区域内资金、人才，加大参与国际标准制定和对接力度。

三是建立自贸协定实施公共服务平台和专家队伍，通过政府购买服务方式进一步加强对中小微企业的培训，提升理解和应用协定规则能力。发展通关、单证等专业化服务，为中小微企业提供便利。

四是继续推动协定更多成员生效实施和协定机制化建设，共同打造地区经贸合作主平台。助力发挥世贸组织作用，坚持自由贸易。推进其他多双边自贸协定谈判，促进高水平对外开放。

商务部新闻发言人高峰在12月23日的例行新闻发布会上表示，目前，国内实施的各项准备工作已经就绪。

高峰说，协定的生命在于实施。商务部将会同协定涉及的各相关部门，及时出台《关于高质量实施RCEP的指导意见》，帮助地方和企业更好更充分地运用RCEP规则，把握市场开放机遇，有力拉动区域内贸易投资稳定增长，推进成员间产业链供应链深度融合，推动东亚地区实现更高质量、更深层次的区域经济一体化。

关于扩大高水平对外开放，高峰表示，商务部将会同有关部门，认真贯彻落实中央经济工作会议部署，进一步提升自由贸易试验区、海南自由贸易港、国家级经开区等开放平台作用，积极推动制度型开放，着力打造市场化、法治化、国际化的营商环境，让外国投资者共享中国市场机遇和发展红利。同时将进一步推动开放发展的平衡性协调性，修订扩大《鼓励外商投资产业目录》，促进东、中、西和东北地区协调发展。

We will further shorten the average time for tax rebates, and temporarily exempt processing trade enterprises from tax interest for domestic sales in 2022... The executive meeting of The State Council recently identified five measures for cross-cycle adjustment to promote the steady development of foreign trade.

The rapid growth of China's imports and exports this year has made an important contribution to stabilizing economic growth, the meeting said. However, uncertainties, instability and imbalance in foreign trade are on the rise. We will implement the arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and The State Council, follow the requirements of the Central Economic Work Conference, further open up, introduce measures to address difficulties and challenges, make cross-cycle adjustments, provide assistance to enterprises, especially micro, small and medium-sized enterprises, ensure orders, stabilize expectations, and promote steady growth of foreign trade.

The meeting also made arrangements for the implementation of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement after its entry into force.

The average time for tax refund was further reduced to less than 6 working days

The meeting made it clear to strengthen policy support for imports and exports. Among them, it is proposed to speed up the progress of export tax refund and reduce the average time of tax refund to less than six working days.

In fact, in recent years, the national average time for export tax refund has been shortened, with the average processing time for export tax refund reduced from 13 working days in 2018 to 7 working days at present. The direct effect of shortening the average time of export tax refund is to relieve the pressure of capital occupation of enterprises.

In the first year of the 14th Five-year Plan period, China's import and export volume registered positive growth for 14 consecutive months and hit a new high despite the complex situation at home and abroad and the impact of COVID-19. The State Administration of Taxation has said that the constantly optimized export tax rebate policy is an important force to boost exports.

Li Xuhong, director of the Institute of Fiscal and Tax Policy and Application at the National Accounting Institute in Beijing, pointed out that the optimized export tax rebate policy and the speed of export tax rebate are the components of China's high-level opening up.

We will encourage banks to carry out targeted forward foreign exchange settlement and sales

According to the requirements of the meeting, we will strengthen policy support for import and export, and guide banks to innovate insurance policy financing and other products according to the needs of foreign trade enterprises. We will keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable, encourage banks to carry out targeted long-term foreign exchange settlement and sales, and improve the ability of foreign trade enterprises to cope with exchange rate risks. Optimize export credit insurance underwriting and claim settlement conditions, strengthen the protection of small, medium and micro foreign trade enterprises and the risk of order cancellation before shipment; We will deepen cooperation and joint development between the eastern region and the central, western and northeastern regions, and support the relocation and undertaking of processing trade on a tiered basis. Do a good job in the import of bulk commodities.

Forward settlement and sale of foreign exchange is a foreign exchange hedging financial product approved by the People's Bank of China. Its main function is to enable enterprises to lock the exchange rate of future settlement or sale of foreign exchange in advance, so as to effectively avoid the risk of RMB exchange rate fluctuations.

Reporters in the huge tide information network search listed company announcements found that since this year, the development of forward exchange settlement business listed companies increased significantly. According to the content of the announcement, the main purpose of the listed companies to carry out this business is to lock in project profits and prevent the risk of exchange rate fluctuations.

Analysis believes that the expansion of the scale of long-term foreign exchange settlement and sale reflects the increasing awareness of risk control of enterprises, which is mainly affected by the global trade situation, RMB exchange rate and the recovery of the global COVID-19 epidemic.

In terms of commodity imports, the report by China Chengxin International Research Institute pointed out that domestic demand for some commodities remained at a high level in November due to concerns about maintaining supply chain stability and cost dilution in the context of falling commodity prices. In the future, with the easing of supply chain tension and the decline of commodity prices, the domestic inventory of related products may increase, so the import may maintain a high growth trend in the short term.

We will further encourage the development of cross-border e-commerce and other new forms of foreign trade

The meeting proposed to increase cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zone. Cultivate a batch of offshore trade center cities (regions). Increase support for the construction and use of overseas warehouses in a market-oriented manner. We will optimize the list of retail goods imported from cross-border e-commerce and expand the categories of goods imported.

The addition of cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zone had been expected by the market. On October 14, Premier Li Keqiang proposed at the 130th China Import and Export Fair that a number of comprehensive pilot zones for cross-border e-commerce should be established by the end of this year, covering Guangdong and other places.

During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the number of comprehensive pilot zones for cross-border e-commerce in China has been increasing, reaching 105, and the number of overseas warehouses built by enterprises in the comprehensive pilot zones has reached 1,800. According to the analysis, the advantages of the comprehensive pilot zone for cross-border e-commerce enterprises lies in greater policy support, and it is also expected to have the opportunity to take the lead in such aspects as transaction, payment, logistics, customs clearance, tax refund and foreign exchange settlement.

Recently, Lingang New Zone of Shanghai Free Trade Zone issued 24 policies to support offshore trade, giving a series of preferential policies in special rewards, tax incentives, shortening the period of residence transfer and other aspects, to strengthen the cultivation of offshore trade enterprises. According to the information from the national regular meeting, more new offshore trade center cities (regions) are expected to be set up next year.

In 2022, processing trade enterprises will be temporarily exempted from tax interest for domestic sales

The meeting made it clear that processing trade enterprises will be temporarily exempted from tax interest for domestic sales in 2022. This is presented as an effort to strengthen supporting services to enterprises. This is the first clear policy on tax and fee cuts since the Central Economic Work Conference made it clear that new tax and fee cuts will be implemented in 2022.

The purpose of "temporarily exempting processing trade enterprises from tax deferred interest for domestic sales" is to stabilize the development of processing trade and reduce the burden on enterprises. The Ministry of Finance announced in A notice in April 2020 that from April 15, 2020 to December 31, 2020, processing trade enterprises will be temporarily exempted from tax deferred interest on domestic sales tax.

According to the data released by the General Administration of Customs, the implementation of the policy of temporarily exempting tax interest for domestic sales within this year will reduce tax interest for 18,000 domestic sales enterprises by 63.87 million yuan in 2020.

We will crack down on illegal charges and price-gouging in accordance with laws and regulations

Since the beginning of this year, shipping congestion and lack of container problems continue to disrupt international trade, container freight prices rose.

The meeting proposed to ease the pressure on international logistics. Encourage foreign trade enterprises to sign long-term agreements with shipping enterprises. We will crack down on illegal charges and price-gouging in accordance with laws and regulations. Support financial institutions to provide inclusive financial support for logistics to eligible small and micro foreign trade enterprises.

Since December, ningbo Port, Shanghai Port Group, Guangzhou Port and other port enterprises have issued announcements to announce price increases. The main reasons for port enterprises to adjust the handling fees are the rising costs of terminal production, expansion, raw material prices and epidemic prevention, as well as the current crisis of maritime supply chain and congestion at major ports.

Data show that the charges of container ports include three types of fees: government fixed price, government guided price and market adjusted price, while the market adjusted price applies to port operation fee, storage fee, storage fee and water supply (material) service fee for ship services. This round of port enterprises up the handling charges are market adjusted prices.

Prison, on the other hand, market supervision administration of price competition bureau deputy director zheng-ming zhang said recently that the next step, the market supervision administration will continue to improve the transportation price supervision mechanism, strengthen the airport, railway, port price regulation, the entity enterprise transportation logistics burden, promote the enterprises implement preferential JiangFei policy, security market main body traveling light.

The regular session also pledged to support local governments in establishing sound institutions and actively carrying out trade adjustment assistance in light of actual conditions to help stabilize industrial and supply chains.

Seize the RECP agreement implementation opportunity, force domestic industry upgrade

The meeting noted that the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement (RCEP) will enter into force on January 1 next year.

We need to support enterprises in seizing the opportunity provided by the implementation of the AGREEMENT to become more competitive in the international market, further enhance trade and investment, and force domestic industries to upgrade.

First, we will encourage enterprises to make good use of tax reduction and regional origin accumulation rules of MEMBER states to export more competitive products and import more competitive ones. We will make good use of our commitments and rules for opening-up, strengthen cooperation on high-end and green industrial chains and manufacturing projects, and open the service sector and investment to a higher level.

Second, we will improve the business environment in line with advanced international rules, actively introduce capital and talent from the region, and step up our participation in the formulation and coordination of international standards.

Third, establish a public service platform and a team of experts for the implementation of the FTA, and further strengthen the training of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises through government purchase of services, so as to enhance their ability to understand and apply the RULES of the FTA. We will develop specialized services such as customs clearance and documentation to provide convenience for micro, small and medium-sized enterprises.

Fourth, continue to push for the entry into force of more members of the AGREEMENT and the institutionalization of the AGREEMENT so as to jointly build a main platform for regional economic and trade cooperation. We will help leverage the role of the WTO and uphold free trade. We will press ahead with negotiations on other multilateral and bilateral free trade agreements and promote opening-up at a high level.

Gao Feng, spokesperson of the Ministry of Commerce, said at a regular press conference on December 23 that domestic preparations have been made.

Gao Said the life of the agreement lies in its implementation. Mofcom will work with relevant departments concerned to issue the Guidelines on High-quality RCEP Implementation in a timely manner to help local governments and enterprises make better and more full use of RCEP rules, seize the opportunities of market opening, boost steady growth of intra-regional trade and investment, and promote deeper integration of industrial chains and supply chains among members. We will work for higher-quality and deeper regional economic integration in East Asia.

The expand opening to the high level and boom, said the Ministry of Commerce will jointly with relevant departments, earnestly implement the central economic work conference, deployment, to further promote the free trade area, hainan free trade port, state-level development zone, such as open platform function, actively promote open type system, focus on building market, under the rule of law, international business environment, We will allow foreign investors to share in China's market opportunities and development dividends. At the same time, we will further promote the balance and coordination of opening up and development, revise and expand the Catalogue of Industries to Encourage Foreign Investment, and promote the coordinated development of the eastern, central, western and northeastern regions.