2021年外贸形势仍然严峻复杂！中欧是伙伴不是对手，正全面评估CPTPP条款…商务部最新定调！

2月24日，去年12月刚刚履新的商务部部长王文涛首次亮相，携商务部副部长兼国际贸易谈判副代表王受文，商务部副部长钱克明介绍加快商务高质量发展，服务构建新发展格局有关情况。

商务领域一年一度的重磅发布会来了！

对于今年外贸外资形势，王文涛作出的判断是仍然严峻复杂。他说，全年目标还是要坚决稳住外贸外资的基本盘。外贸方面，将继续加强政策支持，定期听取外贸企业反映的问题和呼声，积极解决国际物流不畅、物流成本偏高、外贸信贷投放等问题。外资方面，要扩大开放，推动降低外资准入的门槛，抓好自贸区港、国家级经开区的平台建设。

本次发布会还对如何推动电商高质量发展、以及中欧投资协定签署和中国加入CPTPP协议准备工作的新进展等问题一一进行了回应。来看发布会要点。

 

The foreign trade situation in 2021 is still grim and complex! China and the EU are partners, not rivals. They are comprehensively evaluating the cptpp terms The latest tone of the Ministry of Commerce!

On February 24, Wang Wentao, Minister of Commerce, who just took office in December last year, made his debut. With Wang Shouwen, Vice Minister of Commerce and deputy representative of international trade negotiations, and Qian Keming, Vice Minister of Commerce, he introduced the situation of speeding up the high-quality development of Commerce and building a new development pattern of service.

The annual big press conference of business field is coming!

Wang Wentao's judgment on this year's foreign trade and foreign investment situation is still grim and complicated. He said that the target for the whole year is still to firmly stabilize the basic situation of foreign trade and foreign investment. In terms of foreign trade, we will continue to strengthen policy support, regularly listen to the problems and voices reflected by foreign trade enterprises, and actively solve the problems of poor international logistics, high logistics costs, and foreign trade credit. In terms of foreign investment, it is necessary to expand the opening up, promote the lowering of the threshold for foreign investment access, and do a good job in the platform construction of free trade zone ports and national economic development zones.

The press conference also responded to such issues as how to promote the high-quality development of e-commerce, as well as the new progress in the signing of China EU investment agreement and the preparation for China's accession to the cptpp agreement. Let's look at the main points of the press conference.

Key point 1: the situation of foreign trade and foreign investment this year is still grim and complex

Wang Wentao said that in 2020, China's import and export of goods will reach 32.2 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.9%. From the perspective of supply chain and industrial chain, the factors affecting stability are still developing. We will firmly stabilize the basic market of foreign trade and foreign investment. This year, we will continue to achieve this goal, focusing on the implementation of the plan of preferential import and export, the plan of trade industry integration and the plan of smooth trade. The Ministry of Commerce will maintain the continuity, stability and sustainability of policies with local authorities and relevant departments. Regularly listen to the problems and calls of foreign trade enterprises, and actively solve the problems of poor international logistics, high logistics costs, foreign trade credit and so on.

Wang Wentao said that this year, the Ministry of Commerce will identify a number of new foreign trade transformation and upgrading bases and cultivate a number of processing trade industrial parks. In addition, a number of national import trade promotion innovation demonstration zones will be built to expand the scale of import and drive related industries to improve quality and efficiency.

In terms of foreign capital, China's actual use of foreign capital in non-financial fields will increase by 4.5% in 2020, becoming the largest foreign capital inflow country in the world. The situation in January this year was also relatively good. However, the report released by the United Nations Conference on Trade and development (UNCTAD) predicts that this year's global FDI will drop further by 5-10% on the basis of last year's 42% decline.

Wang Wentao said that due to the uncertainty of the epidemic situation, the uncertainty of economic recovery and the increasingly fierce competition among countries for investment, the situation of stabilizing foreign investment is grim and complex.

"In accordance with the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, we will strive to promote the utilization of foreign capital to stabilize the total amount, optimize the structure and improve the quality." Wang Wentao said that in order to promote the reduction of the entry threshold for foreign investment, we should implement the three negative lists of the national version, the pilot Free Trade Zone version and the free trade port version in 2020. At the same time, we need to implement the new catalogue of industries that encourage foreign investment and create more investment opportunities.

The platform of FTZ port and the platform of national economic development zone are important platforms and carriers to attract foreign investment. We will build a free trade zone port with high quality, improve the layout of the pilot Free Trade Zone, implement the overall plan for the construction of Hainan free trade port, and realize the policy measures of trade and investment liberalization and facilitation. At the same time, we will promote the transformation and upgrading of the economic and Technological Development Zone, and promote the comprehensive pilot demonstration of the service industry.

Point 2: China and the EU are partners, not rivals

Talking about the progress of the China EU investment agreement, Wang Wentao said that at present, the two sides are carrying out text review, translation and other work, and strive to sign the China EU investment agreement as soon as possible in accordance with the established procedures.

Wang Wentao said that China has very close economic and trade relations with European countries. In 2020, China will become the largest trading partner of the EU for the first time, and the investment confidence of both sides will not decrease. The China EU investment agreement negotiation was completed as scheduled at the end of last year. The completion of the negotiation is a landmark event in China EU economic and trade relations. At present, the two sides are carrying out text review, translation and other work, and strive to sign the contract as soon as possible in accordance with the established procedures.

Wang Wentao stressed that China and the EU are partners, not rivals. Cooperation between China and the EU is far greater than competition. The two sides should expand common interests in cooperation and solve problems in development. China is willing to continue to strengthen anti epidemic cooperation with the European side, jointly promote pragmatic cooperation between China and the EU in economic and trade, green and digital fields, maintain the stability of the global industrial chain and supply chain, and contribute to the recovery and growth of the world economy after the epidemic.

Point 3: the Ministry of commerce is comprehensively evaluating the cptpp provisions

Regarding the issue of China's accession to the comprehensive and progressive trans Pacific Partnership (cptpp), Wang Shouwen said that the Ministry of commerce is currently doing two aspects of work: one is to evaluate, study and deeply analyze all the provisions of the cptpp internally; the other is to make informal contacts with some of the 11 cptpp members on the issues involved externally Technical level communication and exchange.

On the issue of WTO reform, Wang Shouwen said that after the collapse of the Appellate Body of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, China, the EU and other members have worked together to establish a "multi party interim appeal arbitration arrangement", which has made its own contribution to the authority and effectiveness of the WTO. At present, the first thing to be done in WTO reform is to restore the normal operation of the appellate body. China will actively support Dr. ivila in performing her duties as director general. We also hope that she can quickly resume her normal functions of the WTO.

Key point 4: we are working out the "14th five year" development plan for e-commerce

In 2020, consumption will remain the "ballast stone" for stable economic operation. Since the outbreak of the epidemic, e-commerce has played a prominent role in the aspects of anti epidemic protection, resumption of work and production, and consumption compensation, and has become a stabilizer of social and economic development.

Qian Keming disclosed that at present, the Ministry of commerce is working hard to compile the "14th five year" development plan of e-commerce, and is based on the new stage and implementing the new development concept.

Qian Keming said that we will actively develop new types of consumption, accelerate the cultivation of new formats and models such as live broadcast e-commerce and fresh e-commerce, and actively build consumption upgrading platforms such as "Shuangpin Online Shopping Festival" to enrich online consumption content and scenes. Promote the integration of online and offline development, support the digital transformation and upgrading of real business, and guide the e-commerce platform to empower small and medium-sized enterprises. It is also necessary to further develop rural e-commerce, promote the implementation of "prospering agriculture through several businesses", develop the new infrastructure of rural e-commerce, and expand the coverage of e-commerce in rural areas. Expand the circle of friends of "Silk Road e-commerce".

"At the same time, we should also see that with the rapid development of China's e-commerce, unfair competition, suspected monopoly and other issues have also aroused widespread concern of the people." Qian Keming said that he will strengthen the industry management of e-commerce, promote the improvement of the legal regulation of e-commerce, supervise the compliance operation of platform enterprises, prevent the disorderly expansion of capital, and work together with relevant departments to maintain the market environment of fair competition.

On February 24, the State Administration of market supervision answered a message from netizens that "Internet community group buying platforms dump the market at low prices": on December 22, 2020, the State Administration of market supervision, together with the Ministry of Commerce, held an administrative guidance meeting to regulate the order of community group buying, which was attended by six Internet platform enterprises, including Alibaba, Tencent, Jingdong, meituan, pinduoduo and didi. The meeting seriously pointed out the current problems of community group buying In order to solve the prominent problems of low price dumping disturbing the market order, the relevant enterprises are required to strictly abide by the "nine Musts", including not abusing the independent pricing power through low price dumping, price collusion, bid up prices, price fraud, etc. In the next step, the market supervision department will study and judge in time, master the market dynamics of community group buying, and increase the supervision of Internet platform.

Key point 5: to realize village to village express delivery by 2025

Recently, the meeting of the Central Committee of Shenzhen reform once again stressed the need to build a modern circulation system.

Wang Wentao said:

The first is to improve the distribution network layout. Focus on the backbone network, and reasonably plan the commodity distribution center, comprehensive logistics park and public distribution center. After the backbone network is completed, the capillaries that eventually reach the "last kilometer" will be opened.

Second, improve the circulation infrastructure. It's important that the work sink. In cities, it is necessary to let residents have convenience stores, vegetable markets and community life service outlets, that is, to focus on creating a "quarter of an hour" convenient life circle. In rural areas, we should focus on improving the commercial system, transforming the county and rural three-level commercial circulation network, improving the logistics distribution network, and unblocking the flow of industrial products to the countryside and agricultural products to the city. By 2025, every county should have chain stores and logistics distribution centers, towns and townships should have business centers, and every village should have express delivery services, which should be fully covered.

In addition, it is necessary to enhance the competitiveness of the main body of circulation, the development mode of circulation, the modernization level of supply chain and the integration degree of domestic and foreign trade.

To "enhance the integration of domestic and foreign trade", specifically, it is necessary to expand the convergence of laws and regulations, regulatory system, quality standards, certification and accreditation. Wang Wentao said that at present, the connection is not tight enough, and the smooth flow of domestic and foreign trade is not enough. Some places have made explorations, and only 10% of domestic and foreign trade can be connected.

 

 

要点一：今年外贸外资形势仍然严峻复杂

王文涛表示，2020年中国货物进出口规模32.2万亿元，增长1.9%。从供应链、产业链看，影响稳定的因素仍然在发展，我们将坚决稳住外贸外资的基本盘，今年还是这个目标，重点实施优进优出计划、贸易产业融合计划和贸易畅通计划。商务部将会同地方和有关部门保持政策的连续性、稳定性和可持续性。定期听取外贸企业反映的问题和呼声，积极解决国际物流不畅、物流成本偏高、外贸信贷投放等问题。

王文涛表示，今年商务部将新认定一批外贸转型升级基地，培育一批加工贸易产业园区。还将建设一批国家进口贸易促进创新示范区，扩大进口规模，带动相关产业提质增效。

外资方面，2020年我国非金融领域实际使用外资增长4.5%，成为全球最大的外资流入国。今年1月份形势也比较好。不过，联合国贸发会议（UNCTAD）发布的报告预测，今年全球的FDI在去年下降42%的基础上将进一步下降5-10%。

王文涛表示，因为疫情的不确定性、经济复苏的不确定性、各国对投资的竞争愈发激烈等因素影响，稳外资形势严峻复杂。

“我们将按照党中央、国务院决策部署，着力推动利用外资稳总量、优结构、提质量。”王文涛说，要推动降低外资准入的门槛，要把2020年全国版的、自贸试验区版的和自由贸易港版的三张负面清单落实好。同时我们还要把已经发布的新版鼓励外商投资产业目录落实好，创造更多的投资机会。

自贸区港的平台和国家级经开区平台是吸引外资的重要平台和载体。我们将高质量建设自贸区港，完善自贸试验区布局，落实海南自由贸易港建设的总体方案，实现贸易投资自由化、便利化的政策措施。同时，推动经开区的转型升级，推进服务业扩大开放综合试点示范。

要点二：中欧是伙伴不是对手

谈及中欧投资协定的进展，王文涛表示，目前双方正在开展文本的审核、翻译等工作，按照既定的程序，力争早日签订中欧投资协定。

王文涛表示，中国与欧洲国家的经贸关系非常密切。2020年，中国首次跃居欧盟第一大贸易伙伴，双方投资信心不减。中欧投资协定谈判已经在去年年底如期完成，谈判的完成是中欧经贸关系当中的一个标志性大事。目前，双方正在开展文本的审核、翻译等工作，按照既定的程序，力争早日签订。

王文涛强调，中欧是伙伴，不是对手，中欧的合作远大于竞争，双方要在合作中扩大共同利益，在发展中破解难题。中方愿意与欧方继续加强抗疫合作，共同推动中欧经贸、绿色和数字等领域的务实合作，维护全球产业链供应链稳定，助力疫后世界经济的恢复和增长。

要点三：商务部正全面评估CPTPP条款

对于市场关注的中国加入全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定（CPTPP）问题，王受文表示，目前商务部正在做两方面的工作：一是在内部对CPTPP的所有条款进行评估、研究和深入的分析；二是对外方面，已经和CPTPP11个成员中的一些成员进行了非正式接触，就涉及到的问题进行技术层面的沟通和交流。

关于世贸组织改革的问题，王受文表示，在世贸组织争端解决机制的上诉机构瘫痪之后，中国和欧盟等其他成员一起努力建立了“多方临时上诉仲裁安排”，为世贸组织的权威性和有效性作出了自己的贡献。当前，世贸组织改革首先要做的就是恢复上诉机构的正常运行。中国将会积极支持伊维拉博士履行总干事职责，我们也希望她能够迅速恢复WTO正常职能。

要点四：正抓紧编制电子商务“十四五”发展规划

2020年，消费仍然是经济稳定运行的“压舱石”。疫情发生以来，电子商务在抗疫保供、复工复产和消费回补等方面作用凸显，成为社会经济发展的稳定器。

钱克明透露，目前商务部正在抓紧编制电子商务“十四五”发展规划，立足新的阶段，贯彻新发展理念。

钱克明说，我们将积极发展新型消费，加快培育直播电商、生鲜电商等新业态和新模式，积极打造“双品网购节”等消费升级平台，丰富网上消费内容与场景。推动线上和线下融合发展，支持实体商业数字化转型升级，指导电商平台为中小企业赋能。还要深入发展农村电商，推动实施“数商兴农”，发展农村电商的新基建，扩大电商进农村的覆盖面。拓展“丝路电商”的朋友圈。

“同时我们也要看到，伴随着我国电子商务的快速发展，不正当竞争、涉嫌垄断等问题也引起了人民群众的广泛关注。”钱克明表示，将加强电商的行业管理，推动完善电子商务的法律规制，督导平台企业合规经营，防止资本的无序扩张，会同相关部门共同维护公平竞争的市场环境。

2月24日，市场监管总局答网民关于“互联网社区团购平台以低价倾销市场”的留言：2020年12月22日，市场监管总局联合商务部召开规范社区团购秩序行政指导会，阿里巴巴、腾讯、京东、美团、拼多多、滴滴等6家互联网平台企业参加，会议严肃指出当前社区团购存在的低价倾销扰乱市场秩序等突出问题，要求相关企业严格遵守“九个不得”，其中包括不得通过低价倾销、价格串通、哄抬价格、价格欺诈等方式滥用自主定价权等。下一步，市场监管部门将及时研判掌握社区团购市场动态，加大对互联网平台的监管力度。

要点五：到2025年要实现村村通快递

近日召开的中央深改委会议再次强调要建设现代流通体系。

王文涛表示：

首先是要提升流通网络布局。重点抓骨干网络，要合理规划商品的集散中心和综合物流园区、公共配送中心等。把骨干网络打通健全以后，再顺着把最终到“最后一公里”的毛细血管打通。

二要提升流通基础设施。重要的是工作要下沉。在城市，要让居民身边有便利店、菜市场、社区生活服务网点，也就是重点打造“一刻钟”的便民生活圈。在农村，重点要健全商业体系，改造县乡村三级的商贸流通网点，完善物流配送网络，畅通工业品下乡、农产品进城，一上一下，这个要打通。到2025年，每个县城都要有连锁商超和物流配送中心，乡镇要有商贸中心，村村要通快递，要全覆盖。

此外，还要提升流通主体竞争力、提升流通发展方式、提升供应链现代化水平、提升内外贸一体化程度。

“提升内外贸一体化程度”，具体来说，就是要扩大在法律法规、监管体制、质量标准、认证认可各方面的衔接。王文涛表示，现在这个衔接还是不够紧，内外贸的畅通还不够，有些地方作了探索，大概只有10%的内外贸能够连接。