重磅发布!《中华人民共和国出口管制法》表决通过!12月1日实施Heavy release! The "Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China" was voted through! Implemented on December 1


发布时间:

2020-10-22

重磅发布!《中华人民共和国出口管制法》表决通过!12月1日实施 历经三次审议,十三届全国人大常委会第二十二次会议10月17日表决通过了《中华人民共和国出口管制法》,这部法律将于2020年12月1日起施行。出口管制法包括总则,管制政策、管制清单和管制措施,监督管理,法律责任,附则等五章,共49条。出口管制是指对特定物项的出口采取禁止或者限制性措施,以对该物项的使用主体或者用途进行控制。实施出口管制,

重磅发布!《中华人民共和国出口管制法》表决通过!12月1日实施

 

历经三次审议,十三届全国人大常委会第二十二次会议10月17日表决通过了《中华人民共和国出口管制法》,这部法律将于2020年12月1日起施行。

出口管制法包括总则,管制政策、管制清单和管制措施,监督管理,法律责任,附则等五章,共49条。

出口管制是指对特定物项的出口采取禁止或者限制性措施,以对该物项的使用主体或者用途进行控制。实施出口管制,是国际通行的履行防扩散等国际义务的做法。

关于出口管制范围,全国人大常委会法工委经济法室主任王瑞贺介绍,这部法律:

 

一是确保管制物项全覆盖,除传统的军民两用物项、军品、核外,还参考对外贸易分类标准,将其他与维护国家安全和利益、履行防扩散等国际义务相关的“货物、技术、服务等”均纳入管制物项;同时,明确管制物项包括物项相关的技术资料等数据;

二是确保管制主体和行为全覆盖,从我国境内向境外转移管制物项,以及中国公民、法人和非法人组织向外国组织和个人提供管制物项,均受本法约束。

三是规定对等采取措施,根据法律,任何国家或者地区滥用出口管制措施危害我国家安全和利益的,我国可以根据实际情况对该国家或者地区对等采取措施。此外,法律还对出口管制清单、临时管制和全面管制,出口经营资格和出口许可制度,最终用户和最终用途管理等方面作了详细规定。

 

上世纪90年代末,根据履行防扩散等国际义务需要,我国先后制定了监控化学品管理条例、核出口管制条例、军品出口管理条例、核两用品及相关技术出口管制条例、导弹及相关物项和技术出口管制条例、生物两用品及相关设备和技术出口管制条例等6部有关出口管制的行政法规,但出台时间较早、立法层级不高且相对分散。

王瑞贺表示,出口管制法是根据形势变化,在总结出口管制经验基础上,借鉴国际通行做法,提升立法层级制定的一部统领出口管制工作的法律,将为做好新形势下出口管制工作提供更加有力的法治保障。

 

 

▲ 10月17日,十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十二次会议通过《中华人民共和国出口管制法》

 

征求意见稿还曾包括一条“对等原则”,即任何国家(地区)对中华人民共和国采取歧视性出口管制措施的,中华人民共和国可以对该国家(地区)采取相应的措施。

在近日对三审稿进行分组审议时,有意见提出,出口国家禁止出口的管制物项,或者未经许可出口管制物项,除给予行政处罚外,构成犯罪的还应当依法追究刑事责任。对此,草案三审稿规定,违反本法规定,出口国家禁止出口的管制物项或者未经许可出口管制物项的,依法追究刑事责任。

吕薇委员说,考虑到疫情以后要优化营商环境、促进出口经营发展的需要,建议在第三十九条中增加“情节严重”的前提,将第三十九条第一款改为“违反本法规定受到处罚的出口经营者,情节严重的,自处罚决定生效之日起,国家出口管制管理部门可以在五年内不受理其提出的出口许可申请”。

她认为,第三十八条已经作出了罚款的处罚规定,第三十九条规定的停止出口权五年是一个比较重的处罚。因此,建议在这里加一个“情节严重”的前提,比如说两次以上重复违反,就可以五年之内不允许出口申请。

中华人民共和国出口管制法

  

第一章 总  则

第二章 管制政策、管制清单和管制措施

    第一节 一般规定

    第二节 两用物项出口管理

    第三节 军品出口管理

第三章 监督管理

第四章 法律责任

第五章 附  则

第一章 总  则第一条 为了维护国家安全和利益,履行防扩散等国际义务,加强和规范出口管制,制定本法。第二条 国家对两用物项、军品、核以及其他与维护国家安全和利益、履行防扩散等国际义务相关的货物、技术、服务等物项(以下统称管制物项)的出口管制,适用本法。前款所称管制物项,包括物项相关的技术资料等数据。本法所称出口管制,是指国家对从中华人民共和国境内向境外转移管制物项,以及中华人民共和国公民、法人和非法人组织向外国组织和个人提供管制物项,采取禁止或者限制性措施。本法所称两用物项,是指既有民事用途,又有军事用途或者有助于提升军事潜力,特别是可以用于设计、开发、生产或者使用大规模杀伤性武器及其运载工具的货物、技术和服务。本法所称军品,是指用于军事目的的装备、专用生产设备以及其他相关货物、技术和服务。本法所称核,是指核材料、核设备、反应堆用非核材料以及相关技术和服务。第三条 出口管制工作应当坚持总体国家安全观,维护国际和平,统筹安全和发展,完善出口管制管理和服务。第四条 国家实行统一的出口管制制度,通过制定管制清单、名录或者目录(以下统称管制清单)、实施出口许可等方式进行管理。第五条 国务院、中央军事委员会承担出口管制职能的部门(以下统称国家出口管制管理部门)按照职责分工负责出口管制工作。国务院、中央军事委员会其他有关部门按照职责分工负责出口管制有关工作。国家建立出口管制工作协调机制,统筹协调出口管制工作重大事项。国家出口管制管理部门和国务院有关部门应当密切配合,加强信息共享。国家出口管制管理部门会同有关部门建立出口管制专家咨询机制,为出口管制工作提供咨询意见。国家出口管制管理部门适时发布有关行业出口管制指南,引导出口经营者建立健全出口管制内部合规制度,规范经营。省、自治区、直辖市人民政府有关部门依照法律、行政法规的规定负责出口管制有关工作。第六条 国家加强出口管制国际合作,参与出口管制有关国际规则的制定。第七条 出口经营者可以依法成立和参加有关的商会、协会等行业自律组织。有关商会、协会等行业自律组织应当遵守法律、行政法规,按照章程对其成员提供与出口管制有关的服务,发挥协调和自律作用。第二章 管制政策、管制清单和管制措施第一节 一般规定第八条 国家出口管制管理部门会同有关部门制定出口管制政策,其中重大政策应当报国务院批准,或者报国务院、中央军事委员会批准。国家出口管制管理部门可以对管制物项出口目的国家和地区进行评估,确定风险等级,采取相应的管制措施。第九条 国家出口管制管理部门依据本法和有关法律、行政法规的规定,根据出口管制政策,按照规定程序会同有关部门制定、调整管制物项出口管制清单,并及时公布。根据维护国家安全和利益、履行防扩散等国际义务的需要,经国务院批准,或者经国务院、中央军事委员会批准,国家出口管制管理部门可以对出口管制清单以外的货物、技术和服务实施临时管制,并予以公告。临时管制的实施期限不超过二年。临时管制实施期限届满前应当及时进行评估,根据评估结果决定取消临时管制、延长临时管制或者将临时管制物项列入出口管制清单。第十条 根据维护国家安全和利益、履行防扩散等国际义务的需要,经国务院批准,或者经国务院、中央军事委员会批准,国家出口管制管理部门会同有关部门可以禁止相关管制物项的出口,或者禁止相关管制物项向特定目的国家和地区、特定组织和个人出口。第十一条 出口经营者从事管制物项出口,应当遵守本法和有关法律、行政法规的规定;依法需要取得相关管制物项出口经营资格的,应当取得相应的资格。第十二条 国家对管制物项的出口实行许可制度。出口管制清单所列管制物项或者临时管制物项,出口经营者应当向国家出口管制管理部门申请许可。出口管制清单所列管制物项以及临时管制物项之外的货物、技术和服务,出口经营者知道或者应当知道,或者得到国家出口管制管理部门通知,相关货物、技术和服务可能存在以下风险的,应当向国家出口管制管理部门申请许可:(一)危害国家安全和利益;(二)被用于设计、开发、生产或者使用大规模杀伤性武器及其运载工具;(三)被用于恐怖主义目的。出口经营者无法确定拟出口的货物、技术和服务是否属于本法规定的管制物项,向国家出口管制管理部门提出咨询的,国家出口管制管理部门应当及时答复。第十三条 国家出口管制管理部门综合考虑下列因素,对出口经营者出口管制物项的申请进行审查,作出准予或者不予许可的决定:(一)国家安全和利益;(二)国际义务和对外承诺;(三)出口类型;(四)管制物项敏感程度;(五)出口目的国家或者地区;(六)最终用户和最终用途;(七)出口经营者的相关信用记录;(八)法律、行政法规规定的其他因素。第十四条 出口经营者建立出口管制内部合规制度,且运行情况良好的,国家出口管制管理部门可以对其出口有关管制物项给予通用许可等便利措施。具体办法由国家出口管制管理部门规定。第十五条 出口经营者应当向国家出口管制管理部门提交管制物项的最终用户和最终用途证明文件,有关证明文件由最终用户或者最终用户所在国家和地区政府机构出具。第十六条 管制物项的最终用户应当承诺,未经国家出口管制管理部门允许,不得擅自改变相关管制物项的最终用途或者向任何第三方转让。出口经营者、进口商发现最终用户或者最终用途有可能改变的,应当按照规定立即报告国家出口管制管理部门。第十七条 国家出口管制管理部门建立管制物项最终用户和最终用途风险管理制度,对管制物项的最终用户和最终用途进行评估、核查,加强最终用户和最终用途管理。第十八条 国家出口管制管理部门对有下列情形之一的进口商和最终用户,建立管控名单:(一)违反最终用户或者最终用途管理要求的;(二)可能危害国家安全和利益的;(三)将管制物项用于恐怖主义目的的。对列入管控名单的进口商和最终用户,国家出口管制管理部门可以采取禁止、限制有关管制物项交易,责令中止有关管制物项出口等必要的措施。出口经营者不得违反规定与列入管控名单的进口商、最终用户进行交易。出口经营者在特殊情况下确需与列入管控名单的进口商、最终用户进行交易的,可以向国家出口管制管理部门提出申请。列入管控名单的进口商、最终用户经采取措施,不再有第一款规定情形的,可以向国家出口管制管理部门申请移出管控名单;国家出口管制管理部门可以根据实际情况,决定将列入管控名单的进口商、最终用户移出管控名单。第十九条 出口货物的发货人或者代理报关企业出口管制货物时,应当向海关交验由国家出口管制管理部门颁发的许可证件,并按照国家有关规定办理报关手续。出口货物的发货人未向海关交验由国家出口管制管理部门颁发的许可证件,海关有证据表明出口货物可能属于出口管制范围的,应当向出口货物发货人提出质疑;海关可以向国家出口管制管理部门提出组织鉴别,并根据国家出口管制管理部门作出的鉴别结论依法处置。在鉴别或者质疑期间,海关对出口货物不予放行。第二十条 任何组织和个人不得为出口经营者从事出口管制违法行为提供代理、货运、寄递、报关、第三方电子商务交易平台和金融等服务。第二节 两用物项出口管理第二十一条 出口经营者向国家两用物项出口管制管理部门申请出口两用物项时,应当依照法律、行政法规的规定如实提交相关材料。第二十二条 国家两用物项出口管制管理部门受理两用物项出口申请,单独或者会同有关部门依照本法和有关法律、行政法规的规定对两用物项出口申请进行审查,并在法定期限内作出准予或者不予许可的决定。作出准予许可决定的,由发证机关统一颁发出口许可证。第三节 军品出口管理第二十三条 国家实行军品出口专营制度。从事军品出口的经营者,应当获得军品出口专营资格并在核定的经营范围内从事军品出口经营活动。军品出口专营资格由国家军品出口管制管理部门审查批准。第二十四条 军品出口经营者应当根据管制政策和产品属性,向国家军品出口管制管理部门申请办理军品出口立项、军品出口项目、军品出口合同审查批准手续。重大军品出口立项、重大军品出口项目、重大军品出口合同,应当经国家军品出口管制管理部门会同有关部门审查,报国务院、中央军事委员会批准。第二十五条 军品出口经营者在出口军品前,应当向国家军品出口管制管理部门申请领取军品出口许可证。军品出口经营者出口军品时,应当向海关交验由国家军品出口管制管理部门颁发的许可证件,并按照国家有关规定办理报关手续。第二十六条 军品出口经营者应当委托经批准的军品出口运输企业办理军品出口运输及相关业务。具体办法由国家军品出口管制管理部门会同有关部门规定。第二十七条 军品出口经营者或者科研生产单位参加国际性军品展览,应当按照程序向国家军品出口管制管理部门办理审批手续。第三章 监督管理第二十八条 国家出口管制管理部门依法对管制物项出口活动进行监督检查。国家出口管制管理部门对涉嫌违反本法规定的行为进行调查,可以采取下列措施:(一)进入被调查者营业场所或者其他有关场所进行检查;(二)询问被调查者、利害关系人以及其他有关组织或者个人,要求其对与被调查事件有关的事项作出说明;(三)查阅、复制被调查者、利害关系人以及其他有关组织或者个人的有关单证、协议、会计账簿、业务函电等文件、资料;(四)检查用于出口的运输工具,制止装载可疑的出口物项,责令运回非法出口的物项;(五)查封、扣押相关涉案物项;(六)查询被调查者的银行账户。采取前款第五项、第六项措施,应当经国家出口管制管理部门负责人书面批准。第二十九条 国家出口管制管理部门依法履行职责,国务院有关部门、地方人民政府及其有关部门应当予以协助。国家出口管制管理部门单独或者会同有关部门依法开展监督检查和调查工作,有关组织和个人应当予以配合,不得拒绝、阻碍。有关国家机关及其工作人员对调查中知悉的国家秘密、商业秘密、个人隐私和个人信息依法负有保密义务。第三十条 为加强管制物项出口管理,防范管制物项出口违法风险,国家出口管制管理部门可以采取监管谈话、出具警示函等措施。第三十一条 对涉嫌违反本法规定的行为,任何组织和个人有权向国家出口管制管理部门举报,国家出口管制管理部门接到举报后应当依法及时处理,并为举报人保密。第三十二条 国家出口管制管理部门根据缔结或者参加的国际条约,或者按照平等互惠原则,与其他国家或者地区、国际组织等开展出口管制合作与交流。中华人民共和国境内的组织和个人向境外提供出口管制相关信息,应当依法进行;可能危害国家安全和利益的,不得提供。第四章 法律责任第三十三条 出口经营者未取得相关管制物项的出口经营资格从事有关管制物项出口的,给予警告,责令停止违法行为,没收违法所得,违法经营额五十万元以上的,并处违法经营额五倍以上十倍以下罚款;没有违法经营额或者违法经营额不足五十万元的,并处五十万元以上五百万元以下罚款。第三十四条 出口经营者有下列行为之一的,责令停止违法行为,没收违法所得,违法经营额五十万元以上的,并处违法经营额五倍以上十倍以下罚款;没有违法经营额或者违法经营额不足五十万元的,并处五十万元以上五百万元以下罚款;情节严重的,责令停业整顿,直至吊销相关管制物项出口经营资格:(一)未经许可擅自出口管制物项;(二)超出出口许可证件规定的许可范围出口管制物项;(三)出口禁止出口的管制物项。第三十五条 以欺骗、贿赂等不正当手段获取管制物项出口许可证件,或者非法转让管制物项出口许可证件的,撤销许可,收缴出口许可证,没收违法所得,违法经营额二十万元以上的,并处违法经营额五倍以上十倍以下罚款;没有违法经营额或者违法经营额不足二十万元的,并处二十万元以上二百万元以下罚款。伪造、变造、买卖管制物项出口许可证件的,没收违法所得,违法经营额五万元以上的,并处违法经营额五倍以上十倍以下罚款;没有违法经营额或者违法经营额不足五万元的,并处五万元以上五十万元以下罚款。第三十六条 明知出口经营者从事出口管制违法行为仍为其提供代理、货运、寄递、报关、第三方电子商务交易平台和金融等服务的,给予警告,责令停止违法行为,没收违法所得,违法经营额十万元以上的,并处违法经营额三倍以上五倍以下罚款;没有违法经营额或者违法经营额不足十万元的,并处十万元以上五十万元以下罚款。第三十七条 出口经营者违反本法规定与列入管控名单的进口商、最终用户进行交易的,给予警告,责令停止违法行为,没收违法所得,违法经营额五十万元以上的,并处违法经营额十倍以上二十倍以下罚款;没有违法经营额或者违法经营额不足五十万元的,并处五十万元以上五百万元以下罚款;情节严重的,责令停业整顿,直至吊销相关管制物项出口经营资格。第三十八条 出口经营者拒绝、阻碍监督检查的,给予警告,并处十万元以上三十万元以下罚款;情节严重的,责令停业整顿,直至吊销相关管制物项出口经营资格。第三十九条 违反本法规定受到处罚的出口经营者,自处罚决定生效之日起,国家出口管制管理部门可以在五年内不受理其提出的出口许可申请;对其直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员,可以禁止其在五年内从事有关出口经营活动,因出口管制违法行为受到刑事处罚的,终身不得从事有关出口经营活动。国家出口管制管理部门依法将出口经营者违反本法的情况纳入信用记录。第四十条 本法规定的出口管制违法行为,由国家出口管制管理部门进行处罚;法律、行政法规规定由海关处罚的,由其依照本法进行处罚。第四十一条 有关组织或者个人对国家出口管制管理部门的不予许可决定不服的,可以依法申请行政复议。行政复议决定为最终裁决。第四十二条 从事出口管制管理的国家工作人员玩忽职守、徇私舞弊、滥用职权的,依法给予处分。第四十三条 违反本法有关出口管制管理规定,危害国家安全和利益的,除依照本法规定处罚外,还应当依照有关法律、行政法规的规定进行处理和处罚。违反本法规定,出口国家禁止出口的管制物项或者未经许可出口管制物项的,依法追究刑事责任。第四十四条 中华人民共和国境外的组织和个人,违反本法有关出口管制管理规定,危害中华人民共和国国家安全和利益,妨碍履行防扩散等国际义务的,依法处理并追究其法律责任。第五章 附  则第四十五条 管制物项的过境、转运、通运、再出口或者从保税区、出口加工区等海关特殊监管区域和出口监管仓库、保税物流中心等保税监管场所向境外出口,依照本法的有关规定执行。第四十六条 核以及其他管制物项的出口,本法未作规定的,依照有关法律、行政法规的规定执行。第四十七条 用于武装力量海外运用、对外军事交流、军事援助等的军品出口,依照有关法律法规的规定执行。第四十八条 任何国家或者地区滥用出口管制措施危害中华人民共和国国家安全和利益的,中华人民共和国可以根据实际情况对该国家或者地区对等采取措施。第四十九条 本法自2020年12月1日起施行。

 

Heavy release! The "Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China" was voted through! Implemented on December 1

 

After three deliberations, the 22nd meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress voted and passed the "Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China" on October 17, which will come into effect on December 1, 2020.

The Export Control Law includes five chapters, including general rules, control policies, control lists and control measures, supervision and management, legal responsibilities, and supplementary provisions, with a total of 49 articles.

Export control refers to the adoption of prohibitive or restrictive measures on the export of specific items to control the subject or purpose of the item. The implementation of export control is an internationally accepted practice for fulfilling international obligations such as non-proliferation.

Regarding the scope of export control, Wang Ruihe, Director of the Economic Law Office of the Legal Work Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, introduced that this law:

 

The first is to ensure full coverage of controlled items. In addition to traditional dual-use items, military products, and nuclear weapons, foreign trade classification standards are also referenced to classify other "goods, goods, goods, and other international obligations related to the maintenance of national security and interests and the performance of non-proliferation. "Technology, services, etc." are included in the controlled items; at the same time, it is clear that the controlled items include technical data and other data related to the items;

The second is to ensure full coverage of regulated subjects and behaviors. The transfer of controlled items from within my country to overseas, and the provision of controlled items by Chinese citizens, legal persons and unincorporated organizations to foreign organizations and individuals are all subject to this law.

The third is to provide for reciprocal measures. According to the law, if any country or region abuses export control measures to endanger the security and interests of our country, my country can take reciprocal measures against that country or region based on actual conditions. In addition, the law also provides detailed regulations on export control lists, temporary controls and comprehensive controls, export business qualifications and export licensing systems, and end-user and end-use management.

 

In the late 1990s, in accordance with the need to fulfill international obligations such as non-proliferation, my country successively formulated regulations on the management of controlled chemicals, regulations on nuclear export control, regulations on military exports, regulations on export control of nuclear dual-use items and related technologies, missiles and related items. There are 6 administrative regulations related to export control, including the Regulations on Export Control of Technology and the Regulations on the Export Control of Biological Dual-use Products and Related Equipment and Technologies. However, they were issued earlier, and the legislative level is not high and relatively scattered.

Wang Ruihe said that the export control law is based on changes in the situation, based on the experience of export control, drawing lessons from international common practices, and upgrading the legislative level to formulate a law governing export control work, which will provide better export control work under the new situation. Strong legal protection.

 

 

On October 17, the 22nd meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress passed the "Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China"

 

The consultation draft also included a "principle of reciprocity", that is, if any country (region) adopts discriminatory export control measures against the People's Republic of China, the People's Republic of China may take corresponding measures against the country (region).

In the recent group review of the third-review draft, some opinions suggested that, in addition to administrative penalties for exporting controlled items prohibited by the exporting country, or for exporting controlled items without permission, criminal responsibility should be investigated in accordance with the law if they constitute a crime. In this regard, the third draft of the draft stipulates that in violation of the provisions of this law, the export of controlled items prohibited by the country or exported without permission shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the law.

Member Lv Wei said that considering the need to optimize the business environment and promote the development of export operations after the epidemic, it is recommended that the premise of "serious circumstances" be added to Article 39, and the first paragraph of Article 39 should be changed to " If an export business operator who has been punished for violating the provisions of this law is in serious circumstances, the national export control authority may not accept the export license application submitted by him for five years from the date when the penalty decision takes effect."

She believes that Article 38 has already imposed penalties on fines, and the five-year suspension of export rights stipulated in Article 39 is a relatively heavy penalty. Therefore, it is recommended to add a "serious circumstances" prerequisite here. For example, if the violation is repeated more than twice, export applications may not be allowed within five years.

Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China

table of Contents

Chapter 1  General

Chapter Two: Control Policies, Control Lists and Control Measures

    Section 1   General Provisions

    Section 2   Dual-use item export management

    Section III   Military Products Export Management

Chapter Three: Supervision and Management

Chapter Four  Legal Liability

Chapter 5 Attached to the Rules

Chapter 1 "General" Article 1 "In order to safeguard national security and interests, fulfill international obligations such as non-proliferation, and strengthen and regulate export control, this law is formulated. Article 2 The state’s export control on dual-use items, military products, nuclear, and other goods, technologies, services and other items (hereinafter collectively referred to as controlled items) related to safeguarding national security and interests and fulfilling international obligations such as non-proliferation shall apply This law. The term "controlled items" mentioned in the preceding paragraph includes data related to items such as technical data. The term "export control" as used in this Law refers to the prohibition or restrictive measures taken by the state to transfer controlled items from the territory of the People's Republic of China to abroad, and the provision of controlled items by citizens, legal persons and unincorporated organizations of the People's Republic of China to foreign organizations and individuals. . The term "dual-use items" as used in this Law refers to items that have both civil and military uses or contribute to the enhancement of military potential, especially those that can be used to design, develop, produce or use weapons of mass destruction and their delivery vehicles Goods, technology and services. The term "military products" as used in this Law refers to equipment, special production equipment and other related goods, technologies and services used for military purposes. The term "nuclear" as used in this law refers to nuclear materials, nuclear equipment, non-nuclear materials used in reactors, and related technologies and services. Article 3 "Export control work shall adhere to the overall national security concept, maintain international peace, coordinate security and development, and improve export control management and services. Article 4  The state implements a unified export control system, which is managed through the formulation of control lists, directories or catalogs (hereinafter collectively referred to as control lists), and the implementation of export licenses. Article 5  The departments of the State Council and the Central Military Commission undertaking export control functions (hereinafter collectively referred to as the State Export Control Administration) shall be responsible for export control work according to the division of responsibilities. Other relevant departments of the State Council and the Central Military Commission are responsible for export control related work according to the division of responsibilities. The state establishes an export control coordination mechanism to coordinate major issues of export control. The national export control administration department and the relevant departments of the State Council should cooperate closely to strengthen information sharing. The national export control management department, in conjunction with relevant departments, establishes an expert consultation mechanism for export control to provide advice on export control work. The national export control management department shall issue export control guidelines for relevant industries in a timely manner to guide export operators to establish and improve internal export control compliance systems and regulate operations. The relevant departments of the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government are responsible for export control related work in accordance with laws and administrative regulations. Article 6: The state strengthens international cooperation in export control and participates in the formulation of relevant international rules for export control. Article 7  Export business operators may establish and participate in relevant chambers of commerce, associations and other industry self-regulatory organizations in accordance with the law. Relevant chambers of commerce, associations and other industry self-regulatory organizations shall abide by laws and administrative regulations, provide their members with services related to export control in accordance with their articles of association, and play a coordinating and self-regulating role. Chapter II "Control Policies, Control Lists, and Control Measures" Section 1 "General Provisions Article 8" The national export control management department shall formulate export control policies in conjunction with relevant departments. Major policies shall be submitted to the State Council for approval or to the State Council or the Central Military Commission for approval. The national export control management department can evaluate the countries and regions where the controlled items are exported, determine the risk level, and take corresponding control measures. Article 9  The national export control management department shall formulate and adjust the export control list of controlled items in accordance with the provisions of this law and relevant laws and administrative regulations, in accordance with the export control policies and the prescribed procedures, in conjunction with the relevant departments, and publish it in a timely manner. In accordance with the needs of safeguarding national security and interests, fulfilling international obligations such as non-proliferation, and with the approval of the State Council, or with the approval of the State Council and the Central Military Commission, the national export control authority may impose temporary control over goods, technologies and services not on the export control list. And be announced. The implementation period of temporary control shall not exceed two years. Before the expiration of the temporary control implementation period, an assessment shall be carried out in a timely manner, and a decision shall be made to cancel the temporary control, extend the temporary control or include the temporarily controlled items in the export control list based on the assessment results. Article 10 In accordance with the needs of safeguarding national security and interests and fulfilling international obligations such as non-proliferation, with the approval of the State Council, or with the approval of the State Council or the Central Military Commission, the national export control administration, in conjunction with relevant departments, may prohibit the export of relevant controlled items, or The export of relevant controlled items to specific destination countries and regions, specific organizations and individuals is prohibited. Article 11: Export operators who engage in the export of controlled items shall abide by the provisions of this law and relevant laws and administrative regulations; if they are required to obtain the qualifications for exporting related controlled items in accordance with the law, they shall obtain the corresponding qualifications. Article 12: The state implements a licensing system for the export of controlled items. For the controlled items or temporarily controlled items listed in the export control list, the export business operator shall apply to the national export control administration department for permission. For goods, technologies and services other than those listed in the export control list and temporarily controlled items, the export operator knows or should know, or has been notified by the national export control administration, that the relevant goods, technologies and services may have the following risks , Should apply to the national export control administration for permission: (1) Endanger national security and interests; (2) Be used for the design, development, production or use of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery; (3) Be used for terrorism Ism purpose. If an export business operator is unable to determine whether the goods, technologies, and services to be exported belong to the controlled items stipulated in this law, and if they ask the national export control authority for consultation, the national export control authority shall respond in a timely manner. Article 13 The national export control administration department shall comprehensively consider the following factors, examine the application of export business operators for export control items, and make a decision to approve or disapprove: (1) National security and interests; (2) International obligations and External commitments; (3) Type of export; (4) Sensitivity of controlled items; (5) Export destination country or region; (6) End user and end use; (7) Relevant credit records of export operators; (8) Other factors stipulated by laws and administrative regulations. Article 14: Where an export operator has established an internal compliance system for export control and the operation is in good condition, the national export control administration may grant general permits and other convenient measures for its export-related controlled items. The specific measures shall be formulated by the national export control administration department. Article 15  Export operators shall submit the end-user and end-use certification documents of the controlled items to the national export control administration. The relevant certification documents shall be issued by the end-user or the government agency of the country and region where the end-user is located. Article 16 The end user of the controlled items shall promise that they shall not change the end use of the related controlled items or transfer them to any third party without the permission of the national export control authority. If an export business operator or importer discovers that the end user or end use may change, it shall immediately report to the national export control authority in accordance with regulations. Article 17  The national export control administration shall establish end-user and end-use risk management systems for controlled items, evaluate and verify the end-users and end-uses of controlled items, and strengthen end-user and end-use management. Article 18 The national export control administrative department shall establish a control list for importers and end users in one of the following situations: (1) Violating end-user or end-use management requirements; (2) Those that may endanger national security and interests; (3) Using controlled items for terrorist purposes. For importers and end users included in the control list, the national export control authority may take necessary measures such as prohibiting or restricting the transactions of related controlled items, and ordering the suspension of the export of related controlled items. Export operators shall not conduct transactions with importers and end users listed on the control list in violation of regulations. If export business operators really need to conduct transactions with importers and end users included in the control list under special circumstances, they may apply to the national export control management department. Importers and end users included in the control list may apply for removal from the control list to the national export control management department if they no longer have the circumstances specified in the first paragraph after taking measures; the national export control management department may decide to be included in the control list based on actual conditions Importers and end users on the control list are removed from the control list. Article 19: When the consignor of export goods or the agent declaration enterprise exports controlled goods, it shall submit the license issued by the national export control administration to the customs and go through the customs declaration formalities in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state. If the consignor of the exported goods fails to submit the license issued by the national export control administration to the customs, if the customs has evidence that the exported goods may fall under the scope of export control, it shall challenge the consignor of the exported goods; the customs may export to the country The control management department proposes to organize the identification, and handle it according to the identification conclusion made by the national export control management department. During the period of identification or questioning, the customs will not release the exported goods. Article 20: Any organization or individual shall not provide agency, freight, delivery, customs declaration, third-party e-commerce transaction platform and financial services for export business operators engaged in illegal export control activities. Section 2 "Dual-use item export management Article 21" When an export operator applies to the national dual-use item export control administration department to export dual-use items, he shall truthfully submit relevant materials in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations. Article 22 The national dual-use item export control administration department accepts dual-use item export applications, and examines the dual-use item export application individually or in conjunction with relevant departments in accordance with the provisions of this Law and relevant laws and administrative regulations, and The decision to approve or disapprove is made within the legal time limit. If a decision to approve a license is made, the license-issuing authority shall issue an export license in a unified manner. Section 3 "Military Export Administration Article 23" The state implements a military export monopoly system. Business operators engaged in military products export shall obtain the exclusive qualification for military products export and engage in military product export business activities within the approved business scope. The qualifications for military products export franchise are reviewed and approved by the national military products export control administration. Article 24: Military product export operators shall, in accordance with the control policies and product attributes, apply to the national military product export control administrative department for the approval of military product export projects, military product export projects, and military product export contract review and approval procedures. The establishment of major military product export projects, major military product export projects, and major military product export contracts shall be reviewed by the national military product export control management department in conjunction with relevant departments and reported to the State Council and the Central Military Commission for approval. Article 25: Prior to exporting military products, military product export operators shall apply to the national military product export control administration for a military product export license. When exporting military products, military product export operators shall submit to the customs a license issued by the national military product export control management department and go through customs declaration procedures in accordance with relevant state regulations. Article 26: Military export operators shall entrust approved military export transportation enterprises to handle military export transportation and related businesses. The specific measures shall be formulated by the national military product export control administrative department in conjunction with relevant departments. Article 27: Military export operators or scientific research and production units participating in international military exhibitions shall go through the approval procedures with the national military export control administration in accordance with the procedures. Chapter III "Supervision and Administration Article 28" The national export control administrative department shall supervise and inspect the export activities of controlled items in accordance with the law. The national export control administrationSupervision and inspection of export activities of controlled items. State export control administrations investigate suspected violations of the provisions of this law and may take the following measures: (1) Enter the business premises of the investigated person or other relevant places for inspection; (2) Inquire the investigated persons, interested persons and other Relevant organizations or individuals require them to explain matters related to the investigated event; (3) Consult and copy relevant documents, agreements, accounting books, business correspondence, etc. of the investigated, interested parties and other relevant organizations or individuals Documents and materials; (4) Check the means of transport used for export, stop loading suspicious export items, and order the return of illegally exported items; (5) Seal up and seize relevant items involved in the case; (6) Inquire about the person under investigation Bank account. The adoption of the fifth and sixth measures of the preceding paragraph shall be approved in writing by the person in charge of the national export control authority. Article 29   The national export control management department performs its duties according to law, and the relevant departments of the State Council, local people's governments and relevant departments shall provide assistance. The national export control management department alone or in conjunction with relevant departments shall carry out supervision, inspection and investigation work in accordance with the law, and relevant organizations and individuals shall cooperate and shall not refuse or hinder. Relevant state agencies and their staff are obliged to keep confidential the state secrets, business secrets, personal privacy and personal information learned during the investigation. Article 30: In order to strengthen the export management of controlled items and prevent the risk of illegal export of controlled items, the national export control management department may take measures such as supervisory talks and issuing warning letters. Article 31: Any organization or individual has the right to report suspected violations of the provisions of this law to the national export control authority. After receiving the report, the national export control authority shall handle the report promptly in accordance with the law and keep the reporter confidential. Article 32: The national export control administration shall conduct export control cooperation and exchanges with other countries or regions, international organizations, etc., in accordance with international treaties that have been concluded or participated in, or in accordance with the principle of equality and reciprocity. Organizations and individuals within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall provide information related to export control outside the country in accordance with the law; they shall not provide information that may endanger national security and interests. Chapter IV Legal Responsibilities Article 33 If an exporter does not obtain the export business qualification of the relevant controlled items to engage in the export of the relevant controlled items, he shall be given a warning, ordered to stop illegal activities, confiscated illegal income, and illegal business volume of 500,000 yuan In case of the above, a fine of five to ten times the illegal business amount shall be concurrently imposed; if there is no illegal business amount or the illegal business amount is less than 500,000 yuan, a fine of 500,000 yuan to 5 million yuan shall be imposed. Article 34 If an export operator commits one of the following acts, he shall be ordered to stop the illegal act, and the illegal income shall be confiscated. If the illegal business turnover exceeds 500,000 yuan, a fine of five to ten times the illegal business turnover shall be imposed; no illegal business operation If the amount or the illegal business amount is less than 500,000 yuan, a fine of more than 500,000 yuan and less than 5 million yuan shall be imposed; if the circumstances are serious, the business shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification until the qualification for export business of related controlled items is revoked: (1) Without permission Unauthorized export of controlled items; (2) Export controlled items beyond the scope of the export license; (3) Export prohibited items. Article 35. Whoever obtains the export license of controlled items by fraud, bribery or other illegal means, or illegally transfers the export license of controlled items, shall revoke the license, confiscate the export license, confiscate the illegal income, and the illegal business volume of 200,000 yuan If there is no illegal business amount or the illegal business amount is less than 200,000 yuan, a fine of not less than 200,000 yuan but not more than 2 million yuan shall be imposed concurrently. Forgery, alteration, or trading of export licenses for controlled items, the illegal income shall be confiscated, and the illegal business amount shall be more than 50,000 yuan, and a fine of five to ten times the illegal business amount shall be imposed; there is no illegal business amount or the illegal business amount is less than five If it is 10,000 yuan, a fine of 50,000 yuan up to 500,000 yuan shall be imposed. Article 36 If an export operator knows that he is engaged in illegal export control and still provides services such as agency, freight, delivery, customs declaration, third-party e-commerce trading platform and financial services, he shall be given a warning, ordered to stop the illegal act, and confiscated the illegal income. If the illegal business amount is more than 100,000 yuan, a fine of three to five times the illegal business amount shall be imposed; if there is no illegal business amount or the illegal business amount is less than 100,000 yuan, a fine of 100,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan shall be imposed. Article 37: If an exporter violates the provisions of this Law to conduct transactions with importers and end users included in the control list, he shall be given a warning, ordered to stop the illegal act, confiscate the illegal income, and the illegal business amount exceeds 500,000 yuan, and A fine of ten times to twenty times the illegal business amount is imposed; if there is no illegal business amount or the illegal business amount is less than 500,000 yuan, a fine of 500,000 yuan to 5 million yuan shall be imposed; if the circumstances are serious, the business shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification. Until the export business qualification of related controlled items is revoked. Article 38  Where export operators refuse or obstruct supervision and inspection, they shall be given a warning and imposed a fine of 100,000 yuan up to 300,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, they shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification, or even revoke their qualifications for exporting related controlled items. Article 39 For export operators who are punished for violation of the provisions of this Law, the state export control authority may not accept the export license application submitted by them within five years from the date when the penalty decision takes effect; Other persons directly responsible may be prohibited from engaging in relevant export business activities within five years, and those who have received criminal penalties for illegal export control activities shall not engage in relevant export business activities for life. The national export control management department shall include the violation of this law by export operators in their credit records in accordance with the law. Article 40: The export control violations stipulated in this law shall be punished by the national export control management department; if the law or administrative regulations stipulate that the customs shall be punished, they shall be punished in accordance with this law. Article 41: Relevant organizations or individuals who are dissatisfied with the decision of the State Administration of Export Control to disapprove may apply for administrative reconsideration in accordance with the law. The administrative reconsideration decision is final. Article 42: State officials engaged in export control management who neglect their duties, engage in malpractices for personal gains, or abuse their powers shall be punished in accordance with the law. Article 43: Anyone who violates the relevant export control regulations of this law and endangers national security and interests shall be dealt with and punished in accordance with the relevant laws and administrative regulations in addition to penalties in accordance with the provisions of this law. In violation of the provisions of this law, the export of controlled items prohibited by the exporting country or the export of controlled items without permission shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the law. Article 44: Organizations and individuals outside the Peoples Republic of China that violate the relevant export control regulations of this Law, endanger the national security and interests of the Peoples Republic of China, and hinder the performance of international obligations such as non-proliferation, shall be dealt with in accordance with the law and be held accountable. Chapter V Supplementary Provisions Article 45 Transit, transshipment, transportation, re-export of controlled items or export from bonded areas, export processing zones and other special customs supervision areas and export supervision warehouses, bonded logistics centers and other bonded supervision sites to overseas, Follow the relevant provisions of this law. Article 46: The export of nuclear and other controlled items shall be implemented in accordance with relevant laws and administrative regulations if this law does not provide for it. Article 47: The export of military products used for the overseas use of armed forces, foreign military exchanges, military assistance, etc. shall be implemented in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. Article 48: Where any country or region abuses export control measures to endanger the national security and interests of the Peoples Republic of China, the Peoples Republic of China may take reciprocal measures against that country or region based on actual conditions. Article 49: This law shall come into force on December 1, 2020.

 

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